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Alcohol
Alcoholism: Causes, Symptoms and Effective Treatments for Alcohol Addiction
Alcoholism is a chronic condition requiring treatment in which alcohol loses its role as something consumed for enjoyment and becomes…
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Alcohol
Recognising Alcohol Addiction: Typical Warning Signs
Alcoholism often develops gradually and goes unnoticed for a long time. Relatives and friends may sense that “something is wrong”…
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Alcohol
Factors Affecting EtG Levels
Alcohol consumption can be detected through urine and hair analysis. Breakdown products such as ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and fatty acid…
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Addictive Substances
Hashish: Effects, Production and Risks
Hashish is cannabis resin pressed into slabs and contains a particularly high proportion of THC, the substance responsible for its…
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Alcohol
Abstinence vs. Controlled Drinking: When Does an MPU Assessor Require Abstinence?
When alcohol and Germany’s medical-psychological driving assessment (MPU) are involved, the central question is often whether controlled drinking is sufficient…
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Abstinence Monitoring
The Psychology of Controlled Drinking: Shifting from Intoxication to Enjoyment
Controlled drinking sounds like a “middle way”: less alcohol, more control and no need to give it up completely. Yet…
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Drug Addiction
Alcohol Dependence Under ICD-10: Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosing alcohol dependence under ICD-10 follows defined medical standards. It is based on six criteria covering physical, psychological and social…
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Abstinence Monitoring
What Has Changed About Controlled Drinking?
Under the new MPU assessment criteria (4th edition, BK 4), the changes to controlled drinking have been less “revolutionary” than…
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Alcohol
Alcohol Abstinence Monitoring
Alcohol abstinence monitoring includes all measures that help ensure and support a person in no longer drinking alcohol after dependence.…
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Alcohol
How High May the EtG Level Be?
Alongside FAEE, EtG is one of the most important alcohol markers for reliably detecting previous alcohol consumption. Most is excreted…
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